| Author: |
Franklin Riet-Correa, Jim Pfister, Ana Lucia Schild & Terrie Wierenga
|
| Release at: | 2011 |
| Pages: | 758 |
| Edition: |
First Edition
|
| File Size: | 6 MB |
| File Type: | |
| Language: | English |
Description of Poisoning by Plants, Mycotoxins, and Related Toxins
The book Poisoning by Plants, Mycotoxins, and Related Toxins Plant Research Laboratory in Logan research Leader of the USDA-ARS Poisonous, Utah, USA. In 1973, Dr. James presented an invited paper at the IV International Association of Rumen Physiologists in Sydney, Australia. Dr. James arranged to visit many laboratories where research on poisonous plants was being done and presented seminars in Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, and Perth highlighting the poisonous plant research in the USA with the purpose of proposing a joint US Australian symposium on poisonous plants. After presenting a lecture at the University of Queensland to the Queensland Poisonous Plants Committee.
Content of Poisoning by Plants, Mycotoxins, and Related Toxins
Overview
1 Caatinga of northeastern Brazil: vegetation and floristic aspects . 2
2 Toxic plants and mycotoxins affecting cattle and sheep in Uruguay .25
3 Poisoning by plants, mycotoxins, and algae in Argentinian livestock 35
4 Toxic plants of Cuba . 43
5 Toxic plants affecting grazing cattle in Colombia 50
6 Poisonous plants affecting livestock in Central America, with
emphasis on Panama 60
7 Plant poisonings in Mato Grosso do Sul . 68
8 Poisonous plants affecting sheep in southern Brazil . 73
9 Toxic plants of the State of Piauí, northeastern Brazil 79
10 Poisonous plants affecting ruminants in southern Brazil . 87
11 Recently diagnosed poisonous plants in the Cariri Region,
State of Paraíba, Brazil . 91
12 Poisonous plants on dairy farms of the Caparaó Microregion,
Espírito Santo State, Brazil 96
13 Ornamental toxic plant species sold in Campina Grande’s market,
Paraíba, Brazil . 101
14 Toxic plants grown in gardens in Alto Branco, Campina Grande,
Paraíba, Brazil . 105
The Liver
15 Brachiaria spp. poisoning in sheep in Brazil: experimental and
epidemiological findings 110
16 Variation in saponin concentration in Brachiaria brizantha leaves
as a function of maturation: preliminary data 118
17 Lectin histochemistry on sections of liver and hepatic lymph nodes
from sheep grazing on Brachiaria spp. 124
18 Brachiaria spp. poisoning in ruminants in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil 129
19 Practical rules for the differentiation between Brachiaria spp.
poisoning and pithomycotoxicosis 133
20 Measurement of steroidal saponins in Panicum and Brachiaria
grasses in the USA and Brazil .142
21 Acute poisoning by Crotalaria spectabilis seeds in pigs of
Mato Grosso State, Brazil 148
22 Possible association between precipitation and incidence of
Senecio spp. poisoning in cattle in southern Brazil . 154
23 Phenology of Senecio spp. and vegetation cover in Rio Grande
do Sul State, southern Brazil . 158
24 Nutritional implications of pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicosis 163
25 Pyrrolizidine alkaloid poisoning in cattle in the State of Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil .175
26 Seasonal variation in pyrrolizidine alkaloid concentration and plant
development in Senecio madagascariensis Poir. (Asteraceae) in Brazil 179
27 Buffalo calves intoxicated with Ageratum houstonianum Mill. 186
28 Evaluation of immunotoxic properties of Senecio brasiliensis:
study of toxicity in rats 190
29 Hepatic biopsy as a diagnostic tool for detecting Senecio spp.
poisoning in live cattle . 194
30 Poisoning of cattle by Senecio spp. in Uruguay 198
31 Risks from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids for livestock and
meat quality in northern Australia 208
32 Effects of dietary pyrrolizidine (Senecio) alkaloids on copper and
vitamin A tissue concentrations in Japanese quail 215
33 Poisoning by Cycas revoluta in dogs in Brazil 221
34 Natural and experimental poisoning of bovines by Cestrum corymbosum
Schltdl. in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil 227
35 Trema micrantha poisoning in domestic herbivores 231
Reproductive System
36 Plants teratogenic to livestock in the United States 236
37 Dose-response evaluation of Veratrum californicum in sheep 243
38 Toxic effects of Ipomoea carnea on placental tissue of rats 251
39 Chronic heart failure and abortion caused by Tetrapterys spp. in
cattle in Brazil . 256
40 Effects of Senna occidentalis seeds ingested during gestation
on kid behavior 264
41 Evaluation of the abortifacient effect of Luffa acutangula Roxb. in rats . 270
42 Experimental studies of poisoning by Aspidosperma pyrifolium 274
43 Determination of teratogenic effects of Aspidosperma pyrifolium
ethanolic extract in rats 280
44 Effects of gossypol present in cottonseed cake on spermatogenesis
in sheep 285
Nervous System
45 Poisonous plants affecting the nervous system in horses in Brazil 290
46 Rational uses of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) and the importance of
spontaneous poisoning by the pods in ruminants from Pernambuco,
northeastern Brazil 295
47 Neonate behavior in goats is affected by maternal ingestion of
Ipomoea carnea . 302
48 The comparative pathology of locoweed poisoning in horses and
other livestock . 309
49 Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae) poisoning in herbivores in Rio
Grande do Sul 311
50 The guinea pig as an animal mod!" $%& '-mannosidosis . 315
51 Poisoning by Solanum paniculatum of cattle in the State of
Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil . 320
52 The diagnostic significance of detecting Rathayibacter toxicus
in the rumen contents and feces of sheep that may be affected by annual
ryegrass toxicity 325
53 Annual ryegrass toxicity in sheep is not prevented by administration of
cyclodextrin via controlled release devices . 331
54 Secondary toxicity from the ingestion of meat, offal or milk from
animals consuming corynetoxins is unlikely . 337
55 Metabolism of the endophyte toxin lolitrem B in cattle liver microsomes 343
Toxic Plants Affecting Other Systems
56 Further investigations of Xanthoparmelia toxicity in ruminants . 349
57 Administration of Senna occidentalis seeds to juvenile rats: effects on
hematological parameters and immune lymphoid organs . 355
58 Mascagnia exotropica poisoning in ruminants 362
59 Relationship between a peculiar form of hydropic-vacuolar degeneration
of the distal convolute tubules, monofluoroacetate poisoning, and plants
that cause ‘sudden death’ in Brazil 365
60 Poisoning by Mascagnia rigida in goats and sheep . 373
61 Hematological, biochemical, and urinary alterations of enzootic bovine
hematuria in dairy cows in the Caparaó Microregion,
Espírito Santo State, Brazil 377
62 Upper urinary tract lesions associated with enzootic bovine hematuria . 384
63 Similarities between non-neoplastic urinary bladder lesions in bovine
enzootic hematuria and those induced by radiotherapy in humans . 388
64 Immunosuppression induced by Pteridium aquilinum facilitates the
development of lung carcinogenesis 396
65 Outbreak of acute poisoning by bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum)
in cattle . 402
66 Immunosuppressive effects of Pteridium aquilinum on natural killer
cells of mice and its prevention with selenium . 406
67 Toxic nephrosis in cattle from Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil associated
with the ingestion of Thiloa glaucocarpa . 412
68 Osteolathyrism in calves in Uruguay . 416
69 Cyanide toxicity and interference with diet selection in quail .420
70 Toxicity to honey bees from pollen from several plants in
northeastern Brazil 426
71 Vetch (Vicia villosa) poisoning in cattle in the State of Santa Catarina . 430
72 Baccharis pteronioides toxicity . 433
73 Toxicity of Dieffenbachia spp. with a focus on livestock poisoning 437
74 Morphological, morphometric, and histochemical analysis of the
large intestine of rabbits intoxicated with Solanum glaucophyllum
(duraznillo blanco) . 441
75 Enzootic calcinosis of sheep in Uruguay . 448
76 Enzootic calcinosis in ruminants from central Brazil . 452
77 Radiographic monitoring of lesions induced by Solanum malacoxylon
(Solanaceae) poisoning in rabbits 458
78 Spontaneous intoxication by Solanum malacoxylon in Bubalus bubalis in
northern pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil . 462
79 Experimental poisoning by Nierembergia rivularis in sheep of Uruguay 465
80 Spontaneous nitrate/nitrite poisoning in cattle fed with oats (Avena sativa)
and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil 469
81 Poisoning of sheep by shells of Jatropha curcas seeds 472
82 Toxicology study of ethanolic extract from aerial parts of
Jatropha gossypiifolia L. in rats 477
Mycotoxins and Other Toxins
83 Changes in carbohydrate expression in the cervical spinal cord of mice
intoxicated with perivitellin PV2 from Pomacea canaliculata 482
84 Zearalenone: an estrogenic mycotoxin with immunotoxic effects 489
85 Ethanol poisoning in cattle by ingestion of waste beer yeast in Brazil 494
86 Immunotoxic and toxic evaluation of subchronic exposure to saxitoxin
in rats 499
87 Geitlerinema unigranulatum (cyanobacteria) extract induces alterations
in microcirculation and ischemic injury 504
88 Production of a saxitoxin standard from cyanobacteria . 510
89 Differential diagnosis between plant poisonings and snakebites in cattle
in Brazil 515
90 The use of the guinea pig model in detecting diplodiosis,
a neuromycotoxicosis of ruminants 520
Toxic Compounds and Chemical Methods
91 Acute toxicity of selenium compounds commonly found in selenium-
accumulator plants . 525
92 Agricultural and pharmaceutical applications of Chilean soapbark tree
(Quillaja saponaria) saponins 532
93 Concentration and effect in mice of the essential oil pulegone from
Mentha pulegium, a suspected toxic plant in eastern Uruguay . 535
94 Effect of MDL-type alkaloids on tall larkspur toxicosis 540
95 LC/MS/MS analysis of the daphnane orthoester simplexin in poisonous
Pimelea species of Australian rangelands 550
96 The physiological effects and toxicokinetics of tall larkspur (Delphinium
barbeyi) alkaloids in cattle 557
97 Lupine-induced ‘crooked calf disease’ in Washington and Oregon:
identification of the alkaloid profiles of Lupinus sericeus, Lupinus
sulphureus, and Lupinus leucophyllus . 566
98 Comparative study of monocrotaline toxicity on peritoneal macrophage
activity when dosed for 14 or 28 days . 572
99 Effects of lantadenes on mitochondrial bioenergetics . 577
100 Determination of the relative toxicity of enantiomers with cell-
based assays . 581
101 Rotenoids, neurotoxic principles of seeds from Aeschynomene indica
(Leguminosae) . 588
102 Chemistry of Dieffenbachia picta 593
103 Alkaloid profiles of Mimosa tenuiflora and associated methods
of analysis 600
104 Distribution of Delphinium occidentale chemotypes and their
potential toxicity 606
Control Measures
105 Conditioned aversion induced by Baccharis coridifolia in sheep and cattle 613
106 A potential krimpsiekte vaccine 617
107 Environmental effects on concentrations of plant secondary compounds:
finding a healthy balance . 623
108 Maintaining aversion to Geigeria ornativa (vermeerbos) in sheep
by means of continuous exposure to an aversive mixture presented
in a self-feeder . 631
109 Conditioned flavor aversion and location avoidance in hamsters from
toxic extract of tall larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi) . 637
110 Conditioning taste aversion to Mascagnia rigida (Malpighiaceae)
in sheep 643
111 Amended method of averting cattle to yellow tulp (Moraea pallida) . 648
Herbals
112 Reproductive study of Chenopodium ambrosioides aqueous extract
in rats . 655
113 Investigation of Cereus jamacaru ethanol extract effects in rats .660
114 Marketing of boldo (Plectranthus neochilium and Peumus boldus Molina)
by salesmen of medical plants in Campina Grande, Paraíba 666
115 Evaluation of hemolytic and spasmolytic activities of Sargassum
polyceratium Montagne (Sargassaceae) 670
116 Investigation of hemolytic and spasmolytic activities of the total alkaloid
fraction from root bark of Solanum paludosum Moric. (Solanaceae) . 676
117 Hemolytic and spasmolytic assays of Solanum asterophorum Mart.
(Solanaceae) . 683
118 Evaluation of the cytotoxic and spasmolytic activities of Solanum
asperum Rich. (Solanaceae) 691
119 Chemical analysis of toxic principles in preparations of Ruta graveolens
and Petiveria alliacea . 698
120 Antimicrobial effect of an extract of Anacardium occidentale Linn
against clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 705
121 Evaluation of hepatotoxicity induced by Piper methysticum 709
122 Toxic effects of Baccharis trimera on pregnant rats and their conceptuses 713
123 Toxicity in mice of the total alkaloid fraction of Chondrodendron
platyphyllum .720
124 Evaluation of anticholinesterasic activity of strain SPC 920 – Geitlerinema
unigranulatum (Oscillatoriales, cyanobacteria) . 725
Index 731
1 Caatinga of northeastern Brazil: vegetation and floristic aspects . 2
2 Toxic plants and mycotoxins affecting cattle and sheep in Uruguay .25
3 Poisoning by plants, mycotoxins, and algae in Argentinian livestock 35
4 Toxic plants of Cuba . 43
5 Toxic plants affecting grazing cattle in Colombia 50
6 Poisonous plants affecting livestock in Central America, with
emphasis on Panama 60
7 Plant poisonings in Mato Grosso do Sul . 68
8 Poisonous plants affecting sheep in southern Brazil . 73
9 Toxic plants of the State of Piauí, northeastern Brazil 79
10 Poisonous plants affecting ruminants in southern Brazil . 87
11 Recently diagnosed poisonous plants in the Cariri Region,
State of Paraíba, Brazil . 91
12 Poisonous plants on dairy farms of the Caparaó Microregion,
Espírito Santo State, Brazil 96
13 Ornamental toxic plant species sold in Campina Grande’s market,
Paraíba, Brazil . 101
14 Toxic plants grown in gardens in Alto Branco, Campina Grande,
Paraíba, Brazil . 105
The Liver
15 Brachiaria spp. poisoning in sheep in Brazil: experimental and
epidemiological findings 110
16 Variation in saponin concentration in Brachiaria brizantha leaves
as a function of maturation: preliminary data 118
17 Lectin histochemistry on sections of liver and hepatic lymph nodes
from sheep grazing on Brachiaria spp. 124
18 Brachiaria spp. poisoning in ruminants in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil 129
19 Practical rules for the differentiation between Brachiaria spp.
poisoning and pithomycotoxicosis 133
20 Measurement of steroidal saponins in Panicum and Brachiaria
grasses in the USA and Brazil .142
21 Acute poisoning by Crotalaria spectabilis seeds in pigs of
Mato Grosso State, Brazil 148
22 Possible association between precipitation and incidence of
Senecio spp. poisoning in cattle in southern Brazil . 154
23 Phenology of Senecio spp. and vegetation cover in Rio Grande
do Sul State, southern Brazil . 158
24 Nutritional implications of pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicosis 163
25 Pyrrolizidine alkaloid poisoning in cattle in the State of Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil .175
26 Seasonal variation in pyrrolizidine alkaloid concentration and plant
development in Senecio madagascariensis Poir. (Asteraceae) in Brazil 179
27 Buffalo calves intoxicated with Ageratum houstonianum Mill. 186
28 Evaluation of immunotoxic properties of Senecio brasiliensis:
study of toxicity in rats 190
29 Hepatic biopsy as a diagnostic tool for detecting Senecio spp.
poisoning in live cattle . 194
30 Poisoning of cattle by Senecio spp. in Uruguay 198
31 Risks from plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids for livestock and
meat quality in northern Australia 208
32 Effects of dietary pyrrolizidine (Senecio) alkaloids on copper and
vitamin A tissue concentrations in Japanese quail 215
33 Poisoning by Cycas revoluta in dogs in Brazil 221
34 Natural and experimental poisoning of bovines by Cestrum corymbosum
Schltdl. in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil 227
35 Trema micrantha poisoning in domestic herbivores 231
Reproductive System
36 Plants teratogenic to livestock in the United States 236
37 Dose-response evaluation of Veratrum californicum in sheep 243
38 Toxic effects of Ipomoea carnea on placental tissue of rats 251
39 Chronic heart failure and abortion caused by Tetrapterys spp. in
cattle in Brazil . 256
40 Effects of Senna occidentalis seeds ingested during gestation
on kid behavior 264
41 Evaluation of the abortifacient effect of Luffa acutangula Roxb. in rats . 270
42 Experimental studies of poisoning by Aspidosperma pyrifolium 274
43 Determination of teratogenic effects of Aspidosperma pyrifolium
ethanolic extract in rats 280
44 Effects of gossypol present in cottonseed cake on spermatogenesis
in sheep 285
Nervous System
45 Poisonous plants affecting the nervous system in horses in Brazil 290
46 Rational uses of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) and the importance of
spontaneous poisoning by the pods in ruminants from Pernambuco,
northeastern Brazil 295
47 Neonate behavior in goats is affected by maternal ingestion of
Ipomoea carnea . 302
48 The comparative pathology of locoweed poisoning in horses and
other livestock . 309
49 Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae) poisoning in herbivores in Rio
Grande do Sul 311
50 The guinea pig as an animal mod!" $%& '-mannosidosis . 315
51 Poisoning by Solanum paniculatum of cattle in the State of
Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil . 320
52 The diagnostic significance of detecting Rathayibacter toxicus
in the rumen contents and feces of sheep that may be affected by annual
ryegrass toxicity 325
53 Annual ryegrass toxicity in sheep is not prevented by administration of
cyclodextrin via controlled release devices . 331
54 Secondary toxicity from the ingestion of meat, offal or milk from
animals consuming corynetoxins is unlikely . 337
55 Metabolism of the endophyte toxin lolitrem B in cattle liver microsomes 343
Toxic Plants Affecting Other Systems
56 Further investigations of Xanthoparmelia toxicity in ruminants . 349
57 Administration of Senna occidentalis seeds to juvenile rats: effects on
hematological parameters and immune lymphoid organs . 355
58 Mascagnia exotropica poisoning in ruminants 362
59 Relationship between a peculiar form of hydropic-vacuolar degeneration
of the distal convolute tubules, monofluoroacetate poisoning, and plants
that cause ‘sudden death’ in Brazil 365
60 Poisoning by Mascagnia rigida in goats and sheep . 373
61 Hematological, biochemical, and urinary alterations of enzootic bovine
hematuria in dairy cows in the Caparaó Microregion,
Espírito Santo State, Brazil 377
62 Upper urinary tract lesions associated with enzootic bovine hematuria . 384
63 Similarities between non-neoplastic urinary bladder lesions in bovine
enzootic hematuria and those induced by radiotherapy in humans . 388
64 Immunosuppression induced by Pteridium aquilinum facilitates the
development of lung carcinogenesis 396
65 Outbreak of acute poisoning by bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum)
in cattle . 402
66 Immunosuppressive effects of Pteridium aquilinum on natural killer
cells of mice and its prevention with selenium . 406
67 Toxic nephrosis in cattle from Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil associated
with the ingestion of Thiloa glaucocarpa . 412
68 Osteolathyrism in calves in Uruguay . 416
69 Cyanide toxicity and interference with diet selection in quail .420
70 Toxicity to honey bees from pollen from several plants in
northeastern Brazil 426
71 Vetch (Vicia villosa) poisoning in cattle in the State of Santa Catarina . 430
72 Baccharis pteronioides toxicity . 433
73 Toxicity of Dieffenbachia spp. with a focus on livestock poisoning 437
74 Morphological, morphometric, and histochemical analysis of the
large intestine of rabbits intoxicated with Solanum glaucophyllum
(duraznillo blanco) . 441
75 Enzootic calcinosis of sheep in Uruguay . 448
76 Enzootic calcinosis in ruminants from central Brazil . 452
77 Radiographic monitoring of lesions induced by Solanum malacoxylon
(Solanaceae) poisoning in rabbits 458
78 Spontaneous intoxication by Solanum malacoxylon in Bubalus bubalis in
northern pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil . 462
79 Experimental poisoning by Nierembergia rivularis in sheep of Uruguay 465
80 Spontaneous nitrate/nitrite poisoning in cattle fed with oats (Avena sativa)
and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil 469
81 Poisoning of sheep by shells of Jatropha curcas seeds 472
82 Toxicology study of ethanolic extract from aerial parts of
Jatropha gossypiifolia L. in rats 477
Mycotoxins and Other Toxins
83 Changes in carbohydrate expression in the cervical spinal cord of mice
intoxicated with perivitellin PV2 from Pomacea canaliculata 482
84 Zearalenone: an estrogenic mycotoxin with immunotoxic effects 489
85 Ethanol poisoning in cattle by ingestion of waste beer yeast in Brazil 494
86 Immunotoxic and toxic evaluation of subchronic exposure to saxitoxin
in rats 499
87 Geitlerinema unigranulatum (cyanobacteria) extract induces alterations
in microcirculation and ischemic injury 504
88 Production of a saxitoxin standard from cyanobacteria . 510
89 Differential diagnosis between plant poisonings and snakebites in cattle
in Brazil 515
90 The use of the guinea pig model in detecting diplodiosis,
a neuromycotoxicosis of ruminants 520
Toxic Compounds and Chemical Methods
91 Acute toxicity of selenium compounds commonly found in selenium-
accumulator plants . 525
92 Agricultural and pharmaceutical applications of Chilean soapbark tree
(Quillaja saponaria) saponins 532
93 Concentration and effect in mice of the essential oil pulegone from
Mentha pulegium, a suspected toxic plant in eastern Uruguay . 535
94 Effect of MDL-type alkaloids on tall larkspur toxicosis 540
95 LC/MS/MS analysis of the daphnane orthoester simplexin in poisonous
Pimelea species of Australian rangelands 550
96 The physiological effects and toxicokinetics of tall larkspur (Delphinium
barbeyi) alkaloids in cattle 557
97 Lupine-induced ‘crooked calf disease’ in Washington and Oregon:
identification of the alkaloid profiles of Lupinus sericeus, Lupinus
sulphureus, and Lupinus leucophyllus . 566
98 Comparative study of monocrotaline toxicity on peritoneal macrophage
activity when dosed for 14 or 28 days . 572
99 Effects of lantadenes on mitochondrial bioenergetics . 577
100 Determination of the relative toxicity of enantiomers with cell-
based assays . 581
101 Rotenoids, neurotoxic principles of seeds from Aeschynomene indica
(Leguminosae) . 588
102 Chemistry of Dieffenbachia picta 593
103 Alkaloid profiles of Mimosa tenuiflora and associated methods
of analysis 600
104 Distribution of Delphinium occidentale chemotypes and their
potential toxicity 606
Control Measures
105 Conditioned aversion induced by Baccharis coridifolia in sheep and cattle 613
106 A potential krimpsiekte vaccine 617
107 Environmental effects on concentrations of plant secondary compounds:
finding a healthy balance . 623
108 Maintaining aversion to Geigeria ornativa (vermeerbos) in sheep
by means of continuous exposure to an aversive mixture presented
in a self-feeder . 631
109 Conditioned flavor aversion and location avoidance in hamsters from
toxic extract of tall larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi) . 637
110 Conditioning taste aversion to Mascagnia rigida (Malpighiaceae)
in sheep 643
111 Amended method of averting cattle to yellow tulp (Moraea pallida) . 648
Herbals
112 Reproductive study of Chenopodium ambrosioides aqueous extract
in rats . 655
113 Investigation of Cereus jamacaru ethanol extract effects in rats .660
114 Marketing of boldo (Plectranthus neochilium and Peumus boldus Molina)
by salesmen of medical plants in Campina Grande, Paraíba 666
115 Evaluation of hemolytic and spasmolytic activities of Sargassum
polyceratium Montagne (Sargassaceae) 670
116 Investigation of hemolytic and spasmolytic activities of the total alkaloid
fraction from root bark of Solanum paludosum Moric. (Solanaceae) . 676
117 Hemolytic and spasmolytic assays of Solanum asterophorum Mart.
(Solanaceae) . 683
118 Evaluation of the cytotoxic and spasmolytic activities of Solanum
asperum Rich. (Solanaceae) 691
119 Chemical analysis of toxic principles in preparations of Ruta graveolens
and Petiveria alliacea . 698
120 Antimicrobial effect of an extract of Anacardium occidentale Linn
against clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 705
121 Evaluation of hepatotoxicity induced by Piper methysticum 709
122 Toxic effects of Baccharis trimera on pregnant rats and their conceptuses 713
123 Toxicity in mice of the total alkaloid fraction of Chondrodendron
platyphyllum .720
124 Evaluation of anticholinesterasic activity of strain SPC 920 – Geitlerinema
unigranulatum (Oscillatoriales, cyanobacteria) . 725
Index 731
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