| Author: |
Dilip K. Arora
|
| Release at: | 2003 |
| Pages: | 523 |
| Edition: |
First Edition
|
| File Size: | 4 MB |
| File Type: | |
| Language: | English |
Description of Fungal Biotechnology in Agricultural
In this fungal biotechnology, the book is proceeding at an unprecedented rate with an array of new tools to generate a wealth of disciplines and subdisciplines. The modern biotechnology of fungi have justified their practical application to varied domains of human enterprise, and thus promise considerable potential in the agricultural, food, and environmental spheres.
The successful application of fungal biotechnological processes in these areas requires the integration of a number of scientific disciplines and technologies. These may include subjects as diverse as genetic manipulation, agronomy, chemistry, and process engineering. The practical use of newer techniques such as genetic recombination, bioinformatics, and robotics has revolutionized modern biotechnology-based agri-food industries and created an enormous range of possible applications of fungi.
Agriculturally important fungi tremendous biodiversity exists the benefit of which is not fully harnessed. The technology level required to take full advantage may range from the simple introduction of a single fungus in biocontrol processes to the extensive manipulation of the organism that facilitates the overproduction of a particular enzyme or metabolite. In modern agroindustry, fungi offer many established beneficial roles, particularly as biofertilizers, mycorrhizae, and biocontrol agents of pathogens, pests, and weeds. As pathogens, fungi represent a heavy negative impact on human health, agriculture, and the environment.
In agriculture, annual crop losses by phytopathogenic fungi in the field and also during post-harvest exceed 200 billion Euros, and in the United States alone, over $600 million are spent annually on agricultural fungicides. The balance of beneficial and detrimental effects is reflected in many other areas of agriculture and horticulture. Fungi that inhabit tropical or temperate soils, as mycorrhiza, endophytes, phytopathogens, entomopathogens, or simple saprophytes, are significant resources in the transformation of biological matter, and they offer many bioproducts including catabolic enzymes of enormous potential secondary metabolites and antibiotics.
Content of Fungal Biotechnology in Agricultural
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